Packaging becomes a data interface
From 2027, the Digital Product Passport (DPP) will be mandatory for many product categories. The EU Commission has laid down a number of requirements for the DPP in the Ecodesign Regulation for Sustainable Products (ESPR). The relevant information must be machine-readable and remain permanently linked to the product or its packaging.
In addition, it must be ensured that it is provided in a standardized form, i.e., using open, interoperable data formats. Access to this information should be possible for authorized parties throughout the entire life cycle in order to ensure consistent use and transparency. This means that companies are faced with the task of making their packaging technologically fit for the future.
Labeling solutions as a basis
The specific implementation of these requirements is left to the manufacturers, as long as the above specifications are met. Technically, various product solutions are possible, such as QR codes or data matrix codes, RFID or NFC technologies, or even a digital twin with cloud-based data connectivity. The type of labeling used depends on the specific application, process requirements, and existing infrastructure.
RFID for selected industries
RFID technology is a strategically sensible solution for digital product passports, especially in industrial and logistical contexts—particularly in scenarios where other methods reach their limits. It enables reliable identification without a direct line of sight, which is a major advantage in automated logistics processes. RFID is also ideal for simultaneously recording many units and for applications that require robust and durable labeling, such as industrial reusable packaging or durable operating equipment.
